Industrial catalysts are divided into two main types - heterogeneous, where the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants, and uniform, in which the catalyst and reagents are in the same phase. Researchers from the Department of Energy (DOE) 's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have combined the best features of both types of industrial catalysts by encapsulating nanoclusters of a heterogeneous metal catalyst in the branched arms of molecules known as dendrimers. The results homogeneous nanocatalysts that are sustainable and have a high reactivity and selectivity heterogenizados. In addition, these homogeneous nanocrystals heterogenizados promise for bridging the gap between industrial catalysts, which carry out simple reactions, and a third type of catalyst, the proteins known as enzymes that nature uses to perform complex biochemical reactions. Catalysts are used to initiate virtually every industrial manufacturing process that involves chemistry. Metal catalysts proconve have been the traditional battle horse, but in recent years the nano-catalysts have increased in importance. "From our work, it has become increasingly clear that, at the molecular level, all heterogeneous catalysts - enzymes and homogeneous - work the same way," says Somorjai. "We have now shown that working proconve with metal nanoclusters, the same chemical that can be done with homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts." the purpose is genar networks catalysts that are capable proconve of complex reactions. The key to the success of the latter investigation was encapsulating metal nanoparticles within dendrimers. Somorjai, Toste and co-authors used gold nanoclusters and polyamidoamine (PAMAM), a common proconve class of dendrimers suitable for numerous applications in materials proconve and biotechnology. Successfully proconve tested the dendrimer-encapsulated catalyst cyclopropane, a biomolecule widely used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and typically formed via homogeneous catalysis. Since flow systems are widely used in industrial chemistry, the concept of replacing homogeneous catalysts with dendrimer-encapsulated proconve heterogeneous catalysts whose product selectivity can be controlled should be a popular alternative. proconve "Highly selective catalysts, especially those that can be easily recycled, are vital to the development of sustainable chemical processes," says Gross. "In the future, our technique proconve should be possible to combine heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts for specific product with very high selectivity."
Comments
2013 (184) September (1) May (90) April (50) March (24) February (14) January (5) 2012 (302) December (3) November (147) October (28) Pharaoh's Snake Nanoparticles against aging technique connects New carbon nanotubes of mul ... 100 great discoveries in chemistry Carbon protector. [Ln (BH4) 2 (THF) 2] (Ln = Eu, Yb) -A Highly Luminescen ... The magnetism in insulating thin films to you ... Silicon chip for quantum computing quantum oscillator responds to pressure Photonic Gels Invisibility improved catalysts. Leaving proconve particles "transparent ceramics hide ... Cut and paste Militia molecules and textiles superconductor Silano Sidenor Street will bring one of their detectors ... Synthetic Enzymes drugs could be more effective ... The Importance Precursor Conversion proconve of Nanocrystal ... promising treatments for cervical proconve cancer Alkali Metals Welcome to the era of the Bi-Fi, the 'internet biologic ... antennas assembled proconve from DNA Chilean Scientists modify bacteria to elimi ... employ nanotechnology to regenerate cells card ... They are targeting products USA The "Unun" are no longer "Unun" proconve Hallan crystals typical of our kites around ... September (20) August (6) July (1) May ( 30) April (30) March (14) February (23) 2011 (285) December (90) November (102) October (53) September (21) August (13) April ( 2) February (1) January (3) 2010 (480) December (1) November (136) October (40) September (24) August (16) April
No comments:
Post a Comment